Allelopathic Effect of Leaf-Biomass of Parthenium hysterophorus, Cassia occidentalis and Chenopodium murale on Soil-Fertility and Growth of Vigna unguiculata
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55863/ijees.2024.0097Keywords:
Plant invasion, Alien weeds, Crop-weed interactions, Phenolic content, Soil nutrient, Antioxidant activityAbstract
Incomplete removal of alien weeds from the crop-fields gravely impacts the succeeding crop growth. Impact of powdered leaf biomass (PLB) of three alien weeds Parthenium hysterophorus, Cassia occidentalis and Chenopodium murale was investigated on germination and growth of Vigna unguiculata and the soil fertility. Soils were amended with different doses of weed PLB (0.5, 1 and 2 g/kg soils) individually and in combinations of binary and tertiary mixtures. PLB of Parthenium and Chenopodium significantly retarded crop growth and yield, whereas PLB of Cassia significantly stimulated it. PLB of all weeds significantly improved the soil fertility individually as well as in combinations. Binary mixtures of weed PLB showed antagonistic and synergistic impacts on crop growth, indicating Cassia’s potential to manage the most invasive Parthenium and aggressively advance Chenopodium. Total phenolic content, enzymatic activity and antioxidant activity of these weeds were recorded in the order Parthenium > Chenopodium > Cassia, reflective of stress tolerance order of these weeds. Thus, aggressive plant invasions in urbanizing areas could be attributed to their ability to alter soil properties. Further, antagonistic property of Cassia here has management implication for invasive Parthenium and aggressive intruder Chenopodium in Indian dry tropics.
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