In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-cancer Activity Against MG-63 Cell Line Using Ethanol Extract of Desmodesmus sp. PGDR1 Isolated from Retteri Lake
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55863/ijees.2026.0924Keywords:
Desmodesmus, Phytochemicals, 18s RNA gene, Antioxidant, AnticancerAbstract
Microalgae are emerging as valuable sources of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications. This study investigated the ethanol extract of Desmodesmus sp. PGDR1 for its phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and anticancer activity against MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, along with molecular characterisation. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and proteins among ten tested compounds. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH and ABTS assays, with IC₅₀ values of >320 µg/ml for both assays, indicating moderate scavenging activity compared to the reference standard, ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ values of 19.97 µg/ml for DPPH and 20.46 µg/ml for ABTS). The anticancer potential was assessed using the MTT assay, and the extract demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against MG-63 cells, with IC₅₀ values >100 µg/ml and a maximum inhibition of 99.08% at 6.25 µg/ml. Molecular identification was performed through 18S rDNA sequencing, and the resulting sequence was submitted to NCBI GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis using MEGA 7 confirmed the isolate's affiliation with the Desmodesmus genus, clustering closely with reference sequences. These results indicate that Desmodesmus sp. PGDR1 possesses bioactive phytochemicals with moderate antioxidant activity and significant anticancer effects against MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, highlighting its potential as a natural source for therapeutic applications.
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