Histopathological Evaluation of Afidopyropen Insecticide-Induced Hepatic and Renal Tissue Alterations in Cyprinus carpio
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55863/ijees.2025.0574Keywords:
Afidopyropen, Cyprinus carpio, Liver, Kidney, HistopathologyAbstract
Afidopyropen, a novel insecticide with broad-spectrum efficacy, is widely used in agriculture to control pests. However, it poses ecological risks due to its persistence and potential runoff into aquatic ecosystems. Given the sensitivity of aquatic organisms to chemical pollutants, this study evaluates the histopathological effects on the liver and kidney of the freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio of sub-lethal concentration 0.2 mg/L of afidopyropen was given under semi-static bioassay method for the period of 1-, 10-, 20- and 30-days exposure periods. Histological analyses were conducted following sub-lethal exposure, with a control group for comparison. The results revealed significant toxic effects in both liver and kidney tissues. Liver alterations included Pyknosis, blood infiltration, hepatic vacuolisation, destructed hepatocytes, and fatty infiltrations. In the kidney, haemorrhaging, glomeruli, Bowman spaces, destructive renal tubules, and nuclear tubular cells were observed. These effects became more pronounced with prolonged exposure, suggesting a dose- and time-dependent response. These histopathological changes indicate a disruption of essential physiological processes, including metabolic regulation and excretion, leading to impaired fish health. Liver and kidney alterations serve as sensitive biomarkers of afidopyropen toxicity, offering valuable indicators for ecotoxicological biomonitoring in aquatic systems. This study underscores the potential risks posed by afidopyropen to aquatic ecosystems and highlights the need for robust environmental monitoring and regulatory measures to mitigate its adverse effects.
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