Willingness To Pay (WTP) for Community-Based-Conservation Activities: A Comparative Study of Harike, Ropar and Nangal Wetlands in Punjab, India
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55863/ijees.2024.0195Keywords:
Wetlands, Perceived benefits, Livelihood, Willingness to Pay (WTP), Community based conservation, Punjab, Avifaunal communityAbstract
Conservation of wetlands is essential because they provide numerous benefits to mankind in supporting human life, ecosystems and biodiversity, but predominant number of wetlands are at risk of degradation and loss due to both anthropogenic and natural processes. In this context, community participation is very important in the process of conservation of wetlands. Based on a primary survey of communities (401 households) living around three important wetlands of international importance (Harike, Ropar and Conservation of wetlands is essential because they provide numerous benefits to mankind in supporting human life, ecosystems and biodiversity, but predominant number of wetlands are at risk of degradation and loss due to both anthropogenic and natural processes. In this context, community participation is very important in the process of conservation of wetlands. Based on a primary survey of communities (401 households) living around three important wetlands of international importance (Harike, Ropar and Nangal Wetlands of Punjab), we examined the factors that determine individuals’ willingness to pay for the protection of these wetlands. Using both qualitative (Likert scale) and quantitative (Probit regression) tools, we observed that these wetlands not only provide livelihood mechanisms to local people (living in villages and surrounding urban centers), but they also provide recreational opportunities. The respondents are aware about the ecological significance of the wetland and are willing to pay an average amount of INR 30 (US$0.5) per month. The standard of living, individual’s level of education and awareness, and occupation significantly determine their willingness to pay for wetland protection in Punjab. Results of this study advocate the conservation of these wetlands from the perspective of sustaining the livelihoods of local people and provision of ecosystem services (ES) in Punjab, India.
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